tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-71554025717240740762024-03-12T20:44:16.385-07:00Business Management & Leadershipwww.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.comBlogger477125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-25851540013213477942021-02-27T11:54:00.003-08:002021-02-27T11:54:38.740-08:00كيف تعرف من هو صاحب الشخصية النرجسية الخبيثة ؟ <p> <span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); color: #202124; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, HelveticaNeue, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; white-space: pre-wrap;">ا هو النرجسي الخبيث؟</span></p><pre class="tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta" data-placeholder="Translation" dir="rtl" id="tw-target-text" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); border: none; color: rgb(32, 33, 36) !important; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, HelveticaNeue, Arial, sans-serif !important; font-size: 24px; line-height: 28px; margin-bottom: -10px; margin-top: -10px; overflow: hidden; padding: 10px 0.14em 10px 0px; position: relative; resize: none; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 336px; word-wrap: break-word;"><span lang="ar">الإجابة في الأصل: كيف تتعرف على النرجسيين الخبيثين؟
في قمة الطيف ، أسفل السيكوباتي مباشرة ، يوجد الجانب المظلم لاضطراب الشخصية النرجسية ، النرجسي الخبيث ، المعروف بأنه أخطر أنواع النرجسيين بسبب طبيعتهم السادية القاسية. على الرغم من أن النرجسيين الخبيثين غالبًا ما يستخدمون بشكل تبادلي غير صحيح ، إلا أنهم يختلفون عن السيكوباتيين في الطريقة التي يتعاملون بها مع الباحثين عن الاهتمام الذين يحتاجون إلى موافقة وإعجاب الآخرين في حين أن السيكوباتي ليس محاصرًا بالحاجة إلى الاهتمام من العالم الخارجي. تمتلك MN جميع سمات اضطراب الشخصية النرجسية المتشابكة مع سمات الاضطراب المعاد للمجتمع التي لا تزال بحاجة إلى إمداد نرجسي.
لقد لوحظ أن السيكوباتي هو الشخص الوحيد الذي يمكنه القضاء على النرجسي الخبيث لأنهم لا يحترمون أبدًا حاجتهم للآخرين وحساسيتهم العاطفية للرفض والنقد. إن الرفاهية العاطفية للنرجسيين الخبيثة هي انعكاس للانتباه والثناء والتفاني من الآخرين مما يجعلهم عرضة للإذلال ، ويتفوق عليهم الآخرون ويتجاهلون. وبخطوة أبعد ، فإن شك MN بارزة مثل ضعف إحساسهم بالذات ، والهشاشة ، والتمركز حول الذات. من خلال الخبرة المباشرة ، فإن هؤلاء البشر الأشرار لديهم القدرة على تدمير الأفراد والعائلات والمجتمعات وأماكن العمل</span></pre>Aymanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13912928168521130471noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-33078054911828813332021-02-27T11:44:00.003-08:002021-02-27T11:44:53.236-08:00صحة نفسية : ماذا افعل والداي كبار في السن ؟ <p> ا<span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); color: #202124; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, HelveticaNeue, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; white-space: pre-wrap;">بلغ من العمر 16 عامًا وأبوي في الخمسين من العمر. هل لدي والداي كبار السن؟</span></p><pre class="tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta" data-placeholder="Translation" dir="rtl" id="tw-target-text" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); border: none; color: rgb(32, 33, 36) !important; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, HelveticaNeue, Arial, sans-serif !important; font-size: 24px; line-height: 28px; margin-bottom: -10px; margin-top: -10px; overflow: hidden; padding: 10px 0.14em 10px 0px; position: relative; resize: none; white-space: pre-wrap; width: 336px; word-wrap: break-word;"><span lang="ar">فكر في الأمر من وجهة نظرهم. لقد عاشوا حياتهم أحرارًا وفي حب حتى منتصف الثلاثينيات من العمر! هذا رائع وما أريد أن أفعله شخصيًا. وبعد ذلك ولدت ، والآن تبلغ من العمر 16 عامًا ووالداك سعداء ، ولديهم أنت ، وكانت حياتهم رائعة جدًا! وبعد ذلك يسمعون أنك تعتقد أنهم كبار السن. لقد قاموا بتربيتك ، والتخلي عن حريتهم ، وإعطاء الحب لكائن خلقوه معًا فقط ليقلقها بشأن سنهم. لا يهم سنهم! إنهم والداك ولا يجب أن تقلق بشأن المعايير الاجتماعية (على الرغم من أن معاييرك مناسبة تمامًا في الواقع) وكن سعيدًا وشكرًا لأن لديك والداك على الإطلاق :) أحبهم ، ولا تدعهم يغادرون دون أن تخبرهم عن مدى حبك هم. لا تندم على عدم إعطاء الحب الذي قدموه لك من حولهم ، أحبهم ودعهم يعرفون ذلك!</span></pre>Aymanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13912928168521130471noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-18841585326110522892021-02-13T16:11:00.003-08:002021-02-13T16:11:49.622-08:00النجاح الحقيقي في التفاصيل الصغيرة جدا#النجاح_في_التفاصيل
● في أواخر الستينات ( جنرال موتورز ) صنعت موديل سيارة أسمها ( بونتياك ) ..
▪︎عميل اشترى السيارة ولاحظ فيها عيب فأرسل شكوى كتب فيها إنه يخرج دائما ليلاً يشترى آيس كريم ووجد أنه عندما يشتري آيس كريم فانيليا محرك السيارة لا يدور ! وعندما يشتري أى نوع آيس كريم (مانجة فراولة ، شيكولاتة ) يدور المحرك بسرعة ! ..
▪︎مدير الشركة اهتم بالشكوى وأرسل مهندس وبدأ يراقب الموقف الغريب ويخرج مع العميل ليشتروا آيس كريم وفعلاً يحصل كما شرح العميل بشكواه
▪︎استمر على هذا الوضع 3 أيام والمهندس مستغرب الأمر وفي اليوم الرابع تعرف على السبب، حيث أن الآيس كريم الفانيليا أكثر نوع شعبى وهو مطلوب من الزبائن فدائماً متوفر وجاهز فعندما العميل يطلبه يستلمه بسرعة ويخرج تانى لعربيته بسرعة والماتور بيكون لسه سخن
لكن أى نوع آيس كريم ثانى فهو غير مطلوب بكثرة فيأخذ وقت فـي إعداده فالمحرك يبرد
▪︎وهذا كان العيب عندما يتوقف المحرك أقل من 5 دقايق يكون ساخن لا يدور وعندما يترك المحرك أكتر من 15 دقيقة يدور وفعلاً أصلحوا ا العيب.
▪︎في بداية الامر كانت الشكوى سخيفة فـي مضمونها ولكن مع ذلك قرأها المدير وأهتم بها.
التفاصيل_دوماً_صغيرة_لكنها_كل_شىءwww.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-29414299259007350212020-05-30T09:10:00.001-07:002020-05-30T09:10:55.968-07:00JAPANESE COMPANIES ACTIVE INTO BIOSIMILARS MANUFACTURING <div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
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<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Aska Pharmaceuticals - No major progress on the biobetter</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;"><span class="xn-person" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Asahi Glass</span> - Entering in Biopharma CDMO Business for Global Market</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Chugai Pharmaceuticals - Entry to Authorised Biosimilar unlikely - Fighting for originator rights</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Daiichi Sankyo - Potential to be a front runner in the biosimilar space with Amgen Partnership</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Fuji Film Kyowa Kirin Biologics (FF-KKB) - Looking beyond domestic opportunities to capture global biosimilar business</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Fuji Pharma - Alvotech partnership to bolster biosimilar business as its new core in the home ground</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Gene Techno Science - JP Biopharma rising star - A reliable partner for Developing Biosimilar in <span class="xn-location" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Japan</span> by Japanese Front End Companies</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Itochu Chemical Frontier Corporation - A trading house with new role in biosimilar value chain</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">JCR Pharmaceuticals -A pioneer for biosimilars -now thrive in regenerative medicine & fast tracking NESP biosimilar</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Kissei - Timely launch of NESP biosimilar - Next to watch! Focus to be a niche player in BS space</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Kyowa Hakko Kirin - Tapping biosimilar market through Biosame launch -Taking advantage of front end leadership for Anemia and Heamatology therapy area</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Meiji Seika Pharma (MSP) -Trastuzumab biosimilar launch awaited in <span class="xn-location" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Japan</span>- Tough competition with already approved other players!</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Mochida - Enbrel BS - first to file for <span class="xn-location" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Japan</span>, now equipped with full basket for being one of the top biosimilar player in <span class="xn-location" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Japan</span></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Mitsubishi Tanabe - Not in biosimilars area yet</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">MGC Pharma (now as Cultivec) - A Bio-pharmaceutical CMO - leveraging the findings gained through developing the mass-culture technology to develop biosimlars!</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Nichi-Iko - Aspiring to capture overseas markets, committed to the biosimilar business in the US</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Nipro Pharma - Not much development after Somatropin BS</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Nippon Kayaku - Pioneering New Age' of biosimilars: After Remicade - now launch of Herceptin BS is key</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Sawai - Intends to establish sales team in biosimilar field in next few years</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Towa - Still waiting for Government right policy pitch for biosimilar</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Toyobo Biologics - Eying at biosimilars CMO Business</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Takeda Teva Pharmaceuticals - Noclarity on biosimilar launch plan in <span class="xn-location" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Japan</span></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">UMN Pharma - Transforming vaccines heritage into new generation biologics- but no major progress in last couple of years in biosimilar area</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Yoshindo - A steady progress for Enbrel biosimilar- Three step approach to build a Bio Company</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Sanwa Kagaku - NESP biosimilar - a therapy focus biosimilar entry for <span class="xn-location" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Japan</span> market</li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;">Amgen - Timely launch is key through Daiichi Sankyo Partnership in <span class="xn-location" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Japan</span></li>
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.8;"><span class="xn-person" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Chong Kun Dang</span> - With Fuji Pharma entering in NESP BS market</li>
</ul>
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Aymanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13912928168521130471noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-82171712194130736782019-10-20T11:31:00.000-07:002019-10-20T11:40:56.507-07:00Business Model Canvas Simplified in Arabic <div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
من اعداد دكتور تامر صلاح و الموضوع مشروح بالصور على موقعه في آخر المقال<br />
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background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="background-color: white; color: #1c1e21; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="background-color: white; color: #1c1e21; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="background-color: white; color: #1c1e21; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="background-color: white; color: #1c1e21; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="background-color: white; color: #1c1e21; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="background-color: white; color: #1c1e21; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #1c1e21; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">أعتقد إن معظم المهتمين بريادة الأعمال Entrepreneurship و الشركات الناشئة Startups أو حتى التسويق و البيزنس بشكل عام سمعوا أو قرأوا عن المصطلح ده و أخدوا فكرة عنه، لكن اللي ممكن يكون محيّر شوية لناس كثير هو ايه علاقة البيزنس موديل بخطة العمل و بالخطة التسويقية و كمان ايه الفرق بينهم و ايه علاقتهم بدراسة الجدوى، و الأهم مين بيجي قبل مين.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #1c1e21; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">_______________________</span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #1c1e21; display: inline; font-family: "helvetica" , "arial" , sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">_________________<br />طيب تعالوا نعرف الأول ايه هو الBusiness Model أو نموذج العمل التجاري .<br />تعريفه :<br />Business Model:<br />How value gets created and delivered in a company<br />يعني هو بيحدد ازاي هتخلق قيمة حقيقية من البيزنس بتاعك و ازاي هتوصلها للعملاء المناسبين. هو بالبساطة دي فعلاً، لا يوجد فيه تعقيدات كثير .<br /><span style="font-family: inherit;">__________________________</span><wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit;"></span>______________<br /><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t2b/1/16/1f4cb.png?_nc_eui2=AeHRuuq5fNe9P_xWtT2YuxCJBUp4xFCbirTZVAWmFN850LQc_ImoO9sqM3pDo6A40RllqajKXSlu2-IgVbcX64ZkQ1c9QVc3LbKDD5px_dyOoQ"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">📋</span></span>طيب ازاي بعمل Business Model ؟<br /><br />اتعملت أدوات و Frameworks كثيرة عشان تساعد في فهم و بناء الBusiness Model منها<br />Business Reference model – Component business model<br />و غيرهم و لكن أشهرهم على الإطلاق هي ال Business Model Canvas<br />و هي أداة بتساعدك على وضع تصوَر كامل للBusiness Model في شكل لوحة و مخطط واضح قدامك، توصل ليها البروفيسور السويسري Alexander Osterwalder مع بعض الشركاء في رسالته للدكتوراة عام 2008 و بعد كدة شرحها أكثر في كتاب Business Model Generation سنة 2010<br /><br /><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t2b/1/16/1f4cb.png?_nc_eui2=AeHRuuq5fNe9P_xWtT2YuxCJBUp4xFCbirTZVAWmFN850LQc_ImoO9sqM3pDo6A40RllqajKXSlu2-IgVbcX64ZkQ1c9QVc3LbKDD5px_dyOoQ"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">📋</span></span>Business Model Canvas - مخطط نموذج العمل<br /><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><br />بيتكون من 9 أقسام<br />4 أقسام في الناحية اليمنى للمخطط : تختص بكل ما يتعلق بالإيرادات المنتظرة و مصادرها.<br />4 أقسام في الناحية اليسري للمخطط: تختص بكل ما يتعلق بالتكاليف المتوقعة و أوجه صرفها.<br />و القسم الأوسط يتعلق بالقيَمةالمقترحة أو العرض المقدم.<br /><br /><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t72/1/16/1f538.png?_nc_eui2=AeGmLOlbqZ8IGEBfTVgtnQldEzTQj4YM7g_8k7gn0febgRwUQHeYHQA4w3aahViFGrYrKEP56QfsYm0BZqknfoi5UsW4o6bY7KQ_ZF9t1xKSww"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">🔸️</span></span>مصادر الإيرادات Revenue Stream<br /><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t72/1/16/1f538.png?_nc_eui2=AeGmLOlbqZ8IGEBfTVgtnQldEzTQj4YM7g_8k7gn0febgRwUQHeYHQA4w3aahViFGrYrKEP56QfsYm0BZqknfoi5UsW4o6bY7KQ_ZF9t1xKSww"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">🔸️</span></span>شرائح العملاء أو الزبائن Customer Segments<br /><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t72/1/16/1f538.png?_nc_eui2=AeGmLOlbqZ8IGEBfTVgtnQldEzTQj4YM7g_8k7gn0febgRwUQHeYHQA4w3aahViFGrYrKEP56QfsYm0BZqknfoi5UsW4o6bY7KQ_ZF9t1xKSww"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">🔸️</span></span>قنوات التوزيع Channels<br /><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t72/1/16/1f538.png?_nc_eui2=AeGmLOlbqZ8IGEBfTVgtnQldEzTQj4YM7g_8k7gn0febgRwUQHeYHQA4w3aahViFGrYrKEP56QfsYm0BZqknfoi5UsW4o6bY7KQ_ZF9t1xKSww"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">🔸️</span></span>العلاقة مع العملاء Customer Relationship<br /><br /><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t6b/1/16/25fe.png?_nc_eui2=AeGtIUxdU-6ryWMQjqpCouQKUtIp4UbL9QPiC_ak2PcdOwAP4BeV5KQtQGNB8QMM30__LYbgpQApMdt5ljqS1JmPKlRCwr8QmwnAHXqn5Kthpg"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">◾</span></span>القيمة المقترحة أو العرض المقدّم Value Proposition<br /><br /><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/tf3/1/16/1f539.png?_nc_eui2=AeFe7E0WKOhc1GueMjh8wHpK7DOMldoHUa1ZfEGtMLRQJkHCmSDHBr_e8ddpn4FI827cX3Ap3RtvzhtXDfo5HkNT5EBdWNtJClXLMrxIxd0C-w"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">🔹️</span></span>هيكل التكاليف structure Costs<br /><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/tf3/1/16/1f539.png?_nc_eui2=AeFe7E0WKOhc1GueMjh8wHpK7DOMldoHUa1ZfEGtMLRQJkHCmSDHBr_e8ddpn4FI827cX3Ap3RtvzhtXDfo5HkNT5EBdWNtJClXLMrxIxd0C-w"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">🔹️</span></span> الموارد الأساسية Key Resources<br /><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/tf3/1/16/1f539.png?_nc_eui2=AeFe7E0WKOhc1GueMjh8wHpK7DOMldoHUa1ZfEGtMLRQJkHCmSDHBr_e8ddpn4FI827cX3Ap3RtvzhtXDfo5HkNT5EBdWNtJClXLMrxIxd0C-w"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">🔹️</span></span>الأنشطة الأساسية Key Activities<br /><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/tf3/1/16/1f539.png?_nc_eui2=AeFe7E0WKOhc1GueMjh8wHpK7DOMldoHUa1ZfEGtMLRQJkHCmSDHBr_e8ddpn4FI827cX3Ap3RtvzhtXDfo5HkNT5EBdWNtJClXLMrxIxd0C-w"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">🔹️</span></span>الشركاء الأساسيون Key Partners<br /><span style="font-family: inherit;">__________________________</span><wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit;"></span>______________<br />دلوقتي هنشوف كل خطوة بنعمل فيها ايه بالترتيب الأمثل للخطوات :<br /><br />1-Customer Segments<br /><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><br />Define who are your customer segment :<br />Mass Market, Niche Market or Segmented<br />بتحدد بالظبط مين هي شريحة العملاء المستهدفة<br />2-Value proposition(offer)<br /><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span><span class="_5mfr" style="font-family: inherit; margin: 0px 1px;"><span class="_6qdm" style="background-image: url("https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/images/emoji.php/v9/t4b/1/16/2796.png?_nc_eui2=AeGL571fOSUnmBBcu2O5Aos-oZEiOQ8TJaHt2Y0xBltbECuiqXaecFLEEiwE0stsMXnY9y7p8-o0NO2M6Lp95j6LzJ26540mqo9vKSRdzbLlag"); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; color: transparent; display: inline-block; font-family: inherit; font-size: 16px; height: 16px; text-shadow: none; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 16px;">➖</span></span>➖➖➖➖➖➖<br />What value do we offer to these customers<br />Customer problems we solve<br />products or services portfolio for each segment<br />customer needs we are satisfying<br /><br />you may create value via : newness, performance, customization, design, brand/status, price, cost reduction, risk reduction, accessibility, and convenience/usability.<br />المقصود بيه ايه اللي انت بتقدمه للعملاء و ايه المميز في منتجاتك أو خدماتك، و التميَز ده ليه عناصر كثير ممكن يكون: فكرة جديدة، أداء أعلى، منتج أو خدمة معدَلة حسب رغبة العميل، ممكن تكون منافسة بالسعر أو بالملاءمة أكثر لظروف العميل<br />يعني ممكن تكون مزايا :<br />• Quantitative معدودة و محسوسة<br />price and efficiency<br /><br />• Qualitative – نوعية و غير معدودة<br />overall customer experience and outcome<br /><br />3-Customer Relationships(CRM)<br />➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖<br />Type of relationship with customer, how to keep connected to customers and how to delight them<br />ايه الطرق اللي هتساعدك تفضل على تواصل مثمر مع عملائك لإسعادهم و في النهاية لتحقيق ثقة وولاء أكبر لشركتك.<br /><br />4-Channels<br />➖➖➖➖<br />Defines distribution channels and Promotional Channels<br />هنا بنحدد قنوات التوزيع و البيع عشان نوصل للعميل بشكل جيد و ايه هي قنوات الترويج و الدعية و الاعلان للي هنستخدمها.<br /><br />5-Revenue Streams<br />➖➖➖➖➖➖➖<br />Sources of sales and cash<br />Methods of payments<br />خطوة مهمة جدا و أساسية و كلنا مستنينها، أنا هكسب منين بقى، ايه هي مصادر الأيرادات و الربح بتاعي و بتبقى مهمة جدا لو أنا وسيط مش مقدم خدمة مباشر و خصوصا لو أونلاين.<br />و الأيرادات ممكن تكون بأشكال كثير مثلا:<br />•Asset/ Product Sale<br />الايرادات من بيع منتجات أو سلع أو أصول، زي محلات الملابس مثلا<br />•Usage/Service Fee<br />الايرادات من الرسوم مقابل خدمة معينة، زي شركات التوصيل فيديكس<br />•Brokerage Fees<br />الايرادات من العمولة نتيجة العمل كوسيط بين البائع و المشتري، زي شركات السمسرة العقارية<br />•Subscription Fees<br />الايرادات من الاشتراك في خدمة مستمرة، زي نيتفليكس<br /><br />•Advertising.<br />الايرادات نتيجة فرض رسوم مقابل الاعلان عن منتج أو خدمة، زي الاعلانات على المواقع<br />•Lending/Leasing/Renting<br />الايرادات من فرض رسوم ايجار مقابل مدة محددة، زي ايجار سيارة<br />•Licensing .<br />الايرادات من فرض رسوم على استغلال ملكية فكرية أو اسم البراند، زي اني أشتري حقوق برنامج أجنبي و أعمله في الوطن العربي مثلا<br />و ممكن تستخدم أكثر من مصدر في نفس ال Model<br /><br /><span style="font-family: inherit;">__________________________</span><wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit;"></span>______________<br />كدة احنا خلصنا الجزء الوردي الحلو المخصص للإيرادات و العملاء و العلاقات معاهم (الجزء الأيمن )<br />و الجزء الأوسط المشترك اللي هو القيمة المقدمة .<br /><br />فاضل بقى الجزء المختص بالتكاليف و الأنشطة (الجزء الأيسر )<br /><br />6 -Key Partners<br />➖➖➖➖➖➖<br />Key supplier, Distributors & media (actually all stakeholders)<br />هنا بحدد كل الشركاء و الجهات المعنية اللي هتكون مشتركة معايا و مساعدة ليا أ, مؤثرة أثناء تقديم المنتج و الخدمة الخاصة بي للعملاء.<br /><br />7-Key Activities<br />➖➖➖➖➖➖<br />Defines the core required activities for delivering the value proposition, for Promotion Distribution, for CRM & Finally to drive sales and generate revenue.<br />كل الأنشطة و المهام المطلوبة لخلق و ترويج و توصيل القيمة للعملاء و تحقيق الإيرادات.<br /><br />8-Key Resources<br />➖➖➖➖➖➖<br />all required resources, we can sum up them in the 5 M’s : Man, Money, Machine, Material, Management<br />كل الموارد المطلوبة : من موارد بشرية و مالية و مواد خام و معدات و إدارة قوية .<br /><br />9- Cost structure<br />➖➖➖➖➖➖<br />what is the major cost driver in the model<br />what is the most important/Expensive resources or activities<br />هنا بحدد أكثر البنود و الموارد تكلفة في نموذج العمل، و هل هيبقى<br />•Cost-Driven – تركيزي أكثر على تقليل النفقات<br />•Value-Driven – تركيزي أكثر على تقديم أفضل قيمة ممكنة بغض النظر عن التكلفة.<br /><br /><span style="font-family: inherit;">__________________________</span><wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit;"></span>______________<br />❗طيب عرفنا كدة معنى الBusiness Model و أقسامه بشكل سريع، ممكن تشوف من لينك المقال على الموقع أكثر من مثال عليه.<br /><br />و زي ما هتشوف الBusiness Model بيتعمل لأي شركة سواء كانت شركة ناشئة أو مشروع صغير أو شركة عالمية كبيرة.<br />لكن ليه مش ناس كثير بتتكلم عنه، لإنه مازال مرتبط أكثر بالشركات الناشئة و خصوصا اللي عندها فكرة جديدة و غالبا بتكون أساسها Online Platform ، فكان بيستخدم لتوضيح الModel الجديد ده و ازاي هيشتغل و هيكسب.<br />لكن دلوقتي نادرا ما هتحتاج تخلق Business model جديد، انت غالبا هتشتغل على Business Model موجود فعليا بس هتحاول تحسنه و تعمله بشكل مختلف شوية، و فيه أكثر من أربعة و عشرين Business Model معروفين تقدر تختار منهم الأنسب ليك و تعدَله على حسب متطلبات عملائك.<br /><br /><span style="font-family: inherit;">__________________________</span><wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit;"></span>______________<br /><br />❗نرجع للسؤال اللي سألناه في الأول، ايه العلاقة ما بين الBusiness Model و Business Plan أو Marketing Plan و دراسات الجدوى feasibility Studies ؟<br /><br />الترتيب الصحيح للثلاثة هو انك لو عندك فكرة مشروع جديد بتبدأ كالتالي :<br /><br />1- Business Model<br />➖➖➖➖➖➖<br />هو أول حاجة بتتعمل لأنه زي ما شوفنا هو بيدي فكرة كاملة عن المشروع أو الشركة و تقدر تترجمها في شكل بصري سهل في ورقة واحدة مبسطة رابطة كل التفاصيل ببعض، و هو أسهل حاجة بتتجهز (بس بعد طبعا ما تكون اخذت وقت كافي في دراسة كل جزء منه)<br />2- Feasibility Study<br />➖➖➖➖➖➖<br />تاني حاجة بتتعمل هي دراسة الجدوى و هي من اسمها كدة بتدرس جدوى المشروع، يعني هل هيحقق ربح و هيقدر يستمر<br />Answer the bottom line question: is this venture going to make money ? is this Viable ?<br />و دراسة الجدوى ليها شق مالي و دراسة مستفيضة للمصروفات اللازمة و الايرادات المتوقعة و شق فني و شق تسويقي و تحليلي وإداري ، و الأهم معظم الوقت بيكون الشق المالي و لو المشروع كبير بيحتاج خبير في الFinance عشان يقدر يحط توقعات مالية مستقبلية للمشروع financial projections .<br /><br />3-Business Plan<br />➖➖➖➖➖➖<br />أخيرا بعد ما وضعنا التصور العام للمشروع أو الفكرة في شكل Business Model و بعد كدة اتأكدنا من جدواها , و امكانية تحقيقها و الربح منها على أرض الواقع في ال feasibility Study و قررنا خلاص ان احنا نبدأ المشروع يجي دور ال Business Plan و تحليل إضافي للسوق و المنافسين و تحديد نقاط القوة و الضعف و البدء في وضع هدف واضح لتحقيقه ووضع الاستراتيجيات و التكتيكات التنفيذية اللازمة و ال Business Plan بتتشعب بعد كدة لأكثر من خطة مفصلة لكل قسم أساسي أهمها ال Marketing Plan و Financial Plan و معاهم ال operational plan & HR Plan و الخطط دي بيتم تجديدها سنويا في الأغلب.<br /><br />📌و تقدر تشوف مقال يعني ايه Business Plan يعني ايه Marketing Plan عشان الموضوع يكون أوضح .<br /><br /><a data-lynx-mode="asynclazy" data-lynx-uri="https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fgoo.gl%2Fxbq9pY%3Ffbclid%3DIwAR3JgaM9_vMSfoFL2Y1W0ByU6oayOd6DNbyAoYPF_i_ky7QpRDLowLxoIb4&h=AT3BwpAtSGssvKTOeiPHmH5xdUJPBRgv6rgvpLkPLOm5nUE6h9sN8IrXf_TdC84Ie5HEcF4lyi4YmIMszj3rYAUsz6-7AOczJuJI-yQXnrxV6bIxdVSQPYEH1UD24Cli8tg0xg" href="https://goo.gl/xbq9pY?fbclid=IwAR3JgaM9_vMSfoFL2Y1W0ByU6oayOd6DNbyAoYPF_i_ky7QpRDLowLxoIb4" rel="nofollow noopener" style="color: #385898; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">https://goo.gl/xbq9pY</a><br /><span style="font-family: inherit;">__________________________</span><wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit;"></span>______________<br />حاجة أخيرة، ده الترتيب السليم اللي المفروض نمشي عليه من بداية الفكرة للتنفيذ بس هل كل الناس بتمشي على الترتيب ده، الحقيقة لأ ناس كثير بتدخل على مرحلة الBusiness Plan و ال Marketing Plan علطول خصوصا لو كان لمشروع معروف خطواته و الBusiness Model بتاعه هفتح مطعم مثلا فالموضوع معروف و كدة كدة معظم الأجزاء المهمة الخاصة بالعميل هيتم ذكرها في ال Marketing Plan، و دراسة الجدوى أيضاً بيختصروها على أساس ان في عناصر كثير فيها موزعة على عناصر الbusiness Plan وده حقيقي إلى حد كبير.<br />لكن بشكل عام الBusiness Model بحتاجه أكثر لو فكرة جديدة و عايز أعرضها بشكل مبسط خصوصا لو محتاج تمويل أو منحة من جهة معينة ، عشان كدة هو أكثر استخداما في الشركات الناشئة و ريادة الأعمال.<br />دراسة الجدوى لازم أعملها لو مشروع كبير و مكلف و محتاج استثمار كبير في بدايته و غالبا محتاج قرض من بنك و هيكون فيه فوائد ومتوقع أرباحه هتتأخر شوية فلازم أحط توقعات و Forecasting لكل ده و أحسب ال Risk عشان أقدر أعرف جدوى المشروع.<br /><br />لكن الأكيد إنك في النهاية لازم تضع business Plan و Marketing Plan عشان هم اللي هيرسموا استراتيجيات و خطوات واضحة لتحقيق أهداف محددة و بيجددوا سنويا في الأغلب.<br />🎓🎓🎓<br /><a data-hovercard-prefer-more-content-show="1" data-hovercard="/ajax/hovercard/event.php?id=3376117325739230&extragetparams=%7B%22__tn__%22%3A%22%2CdK%2AF-R%22%2C%22eid%22%3A%22ARBaIbLpiSu2Y6X9LJO3-xROE__HMOsyb4ionVKukBwo7qsACYJ3YCqDneWKngYqBPxYDhdEBFeiUTno%22%2C%22directed_target_id%22%3Anull%2C%22groups_location%22%3Anull%7D" dir="ltr" href="https://www.facebook.com/events/3376117325739230/?acontext=%7B%22action_history%22%3A%22null%22%7D&__tn__=%2CdK%2AF-R&eid=ARBaIbLpiSu2Y6X9LJO3-xROE__HMOsyb4ionVKukBwo7qsACYJ3YCqDneWKngYqBPxYDhdEBFeiUTno" style="color: #385898; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;">4X4 Marketing Course in Egypt Cairo - Round 42</a><br /><span style="font-family: inherit;">__________________________</span><wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit;"></span>______________<br />📌شكرا لتكملة المقال للنهاية، أتمنى يكون الموضوع بقى أوضح دلوقتي و يهمني جدا أسمع أرائكم المهمة جدا في التعليقات و استفساراتكم عشان نجاوب عليها في الجزء الثاني من المقال و ممكن تشاركنا بأي معلومة شايف إنه هيكون مفيد إضافتها للمقال.<br />.<br />📌المقال من الموقع و فيه صور توضيحية مهمة و كمان ملف فيه نموذج جاهز تتدرب عليه Business Model Template<br /><br /><a data-lynx-mode="asynclazy" data-lynx-uri="https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Ftamersalah.com%2FBusiness-Model-Canvas%2F%3Ffbclid%3DIwAR2g7Nh6CXSFUhYIN3oxALqLCBoZ350j7fONbiMiPpOdayWJQnz6JedjRDk&h=AT1ofEMm8rQrPEPgwua9qpIGX8g40sDCwqpTFHBkiRu0WtaGFv_EPjofHoGcr5grcHPiqoUL7Z3wDgJ7i5lurg3kgRcVKp8RvRidO49xep9VTwdLUYKv-LKdtG54cgJj2DKhEA" href="https://tamersalah.com/Business-Model-Canvas/?fbclid=IwAR2g7Nh6CXSFUhYIN3oxALqLCBoZ350j7fONbiMiPpOdayWJQnz6JedjRDk" rel="nofollow noopener" style="color: #385898; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: inherit;">https://tamersalah.com/</span><wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block; font-family: inherit;"></span>Business-Model-Canvas</a></span></div>
Aymanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13912928168521130471noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-30253724390534989512019-04-12T08:54:00.000-07:002019-04-12T08:54:05.391-07:00Five beautiful facts about reading:<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
<span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: left;">Five facts about reading:</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: left;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: left;">Fact 1:Reading can make you a better conversionalist .</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: left;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: left;">Fact 2:Neighbors will never complain that your book is too loud.</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: left;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: left;">Fact 3: Knowle</span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #666666; display: inline; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: left;">dge by osmosis has not yet been perfected . You’d better read.<br />Fact 4:Books have stopped bullets - reading might save your life.<br />Fact 5:Dinosaurs didn’t read. Look what happened to them .</span></div>
Aymanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13912928168521130471noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-28085657966370432362017-12-23T23:11:00.001-08:002017-12-23T23:11:59.292-08:00differences between Production , Selling and marketing concept simplified<p class="mobile-photo"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-PEspSgmrZ_8/Wj9TQJA7uqI/AAAAAAABxdg/j2qL5AW80yIPAnJ9KNhAlRusNBpjI8VawCK4BGAYYCw/s1600/Production%2B%2526%2BMarketing%2BConcept-719300.PNG"><img src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-PEspSgmrZ_8/Wj9TQJA7uqI/AAAAAAABxdg/j2qL5AW80yIPAnJ9KNhAlRusNBpjI8VawCK4BGAYYCw/s320/Production%2B%2526%2BMarketing%2BConcept-719300.PNG" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_6503007923709131426" /></a></p><div dir="ltr">differences between Production , Selling and marketing concept simplified <br><br></div> www.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-31560560133408885062017-12-19T12:42:00.000-08:002017-12-20T14:08:30.132-08:00Marketing in Brief <div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
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Marketing Defenition </div>
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Marketing is the process of anticipation , identification and satisfaction of customer needs through a profit </div>
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Factors affecting Customer Satisfaction </div>
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Friendly Employees</div>
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Quick Service</div>
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Billing Clarity</div>
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Knowledgeable employees</div>
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Accuracy of Billing</div>
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Billing Timelines</div>
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Courteous Employee</div>
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Marketers Must know the following</div>
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Themselves </div>
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The Customers</div>
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The Competitors</div>
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The Environment</div>
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Marketing Manager</div>
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Is the bridge between company and customers </div>
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Marketing Manager functions are</div>
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APIC</div>
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Analysis </div>
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Planning </div>
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Implementation </div>
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Control </div>
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Marketing Management</div>
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Art and Science </div>
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To choose Target markets and getting , keeping and growing customers through creating <br />
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Delivering and communicating superior customer value </div>
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Differences between customers needs , wants and Demands </div>
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Needs like hunger</div>
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Wants Hunger translated to want of bread </div>
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Demands is a human want powered by Money </div>
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<b>Golden Rule</b></div>
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<b>Ads can not make consumers buy things that they do not need </b></div>
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Marketing Management philosophies </div>
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Production then Product then Selling then Marketing Concept then societal Marketing concept </div>
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Though Marketing Management is <b>Customer Driven</b></div>
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<b>Push Strategy versus Pull Strategy</b> </div>
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www.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-68701206302758463442017-12-11T05:01:00.001-08:002017-12-11T05:01:25.656-08:00How to Energize your team participation during brainstorming sessions<p style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Geneva,sans-serif;font-size:13px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><br></p><ul style="list-style-position:outside;margin-top:10px;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Geneva,sans-serif;font-size:13px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><li style="line-height:20px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px"><span class="inline-normal">Encourage open dialogue by making it clear at the outset that the final outcome is not predetermined </span></li><li style="line-height:20px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px"><span class="inline-normal">Suggest that people try to think outside of their individual or departmental roles. </span></li><li style="line-height:20px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px"><span class="inline-normal">Provide closure at the end of every meeting by assigning tasks and deadlines so people are accountable .</span></li><li style="line-height:20px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px"><span class="inline-normal">Recognize and thank people who share their ideas and viewpoints in a positive manner—especially those who are willing to take the risk to challenge you.</span></li></ul> www.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-17258695144337950262017-12-11T04:45:00.001-08:002017-12-11T04:45:12.344-08:00What do You have to consider when implementing a Decision ?<p style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Geneva,sans-serif;font-size:13px"></p><div dir="auto"><br></div><p></p><ul style="list-style-position:outside;margin-top:10px;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Geneva,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><li style="line-height:20px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px"><span class="inline-normal"><strong>Priotrize tasks and who is responsible and allocate resources</strong>. </span><span class="inline-normal">If </span>the sales force may not have extensive product knowledge and may need the help of a content profession. You might need to assign an expert in product knowledge to work with the training department to develop a program.</li><li style="line-height:20px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px"><span class="inline-normal"><strong>Set clear objectives and inform about incentives</strong>. if A key account manager is going to start managing the company's largest customer , so we have explain what this customer means to the organization and your expectations for managing the relationship. Determine the result in a pay increase or change in title, and follow up with your Human Resources department to make that happen.</span></li><li style="line-height:20px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px"><span class="inline-normal"><strong>Continuous feedback on the implementation</strong>. Give your employees feedback on the progress of the implementation plan. Your input should be constructive and focused on accountability and execution. </span></li><li style="line-height:20px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px"><span class="inline-normal">Set a time for daily or weekly status meetings. This will help you stay informed of your group's progress during implementation.</span></li><li style="line-height:20px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px"><span class="inline-normal"><strong>Take a look by yourself</strong>. Check with people informally. Ask them how the project is going and if they have any concerns about it. Be interested not only in issues related to implementation, such as schedule and budget, but also whether your employees believe that the project is effectively addressing the problem it is intended to solve.</span></li><li style="line-height:20px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px"><span class="inline-normal"><strong>Recognize people's work</strong>. Implementation often goes unnoticed unless it fails. If things are going well, recognize individual contributions and celebrate successes.</span></li></ul><p style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Geneva,sans-serif;font-size:13px"></p><div dir="auto"><br></div><p></p> www.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-25327144375251722812017-11-28T08:21:00.000-08:002017-11-28T08:21:56.082-08:00المفاتيح الثلاث لكنز التركيز كيف تزيد قدرتك على التركيز ؟<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Arabic Transparent;"> يا عم ركز بقى</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Geneva, Arial, Sans-serif; font-size: x-large;"> </span> <span lang="ar-eg"> <span lang="ar-eg"> <span lang="ar-eg"> <span lang="ar-eg"> </span></span></span></span></td> </tr>
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<span style="color: green; font-size: small;">م . سعد بعد الغفار</span></div>
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<b><u> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: maroon; font-size: 16pt;">المفاتيح الثلاث لكنز التركيز</span></u></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> في يوم من الأيام، وبينما كان الإمام مالك رحمه الله في مجلسه بين جملة من أصحابه، إذا بقائل يقول: قد حضر الفيل، فخرج أصحاب مالك كلهم لينظروا إليه إلا واحدًا منهم، اسمه يحيى بن يحيى، وكان قد حضر من الأندلس إلى المدينة المنورة؛ ليسمع ويتعلم على يد الإمام مالك رحمه الله.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">فتعجب مالك رحمه الله من صنيع يحيى، وقال له: لِمَ لم تخرج فترى الفيل؛ إذ ليس بأرض الأندلس؟ فرد عليه يحيى بن يحيى بكلمات تقطر بالحكمة وتخلص سبب من أسباب نبوغه، فقال: إنما جئت من بلدي، لأنظر إليك، وأتعلم من هديك وعلمك، لا إلى أن أنظر إلى الفيل. </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">ومن يومها أعجب به مالك وسماه العاقل، وعُرف ذلك التلميذ النجيب بعاقل أهل الأندلس، حتى قال الفقيه المالكي ابن لبابة الأندلسي: (فقيه الأندلس عيسى بن دينار، وعالمها ابن حبيب، وعاقلها يحيى بن يحيى)، بل وزاد على ذلك الشيرازي حين وصف يحيى بن يحيى بقوله: (وإليه انتهت الرئاسة بالأندلس في العلم).</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">إنه موقف يخبرنا فيه يحيى بن يحيى عن سبب من أسباب عبقرية أي إنسان في الحياة، وعن سر من أسرار نجاح أي فرد في تحقيق أحلامه، ألا وهو القدرة على التركيز على أهداف الحياة دون سواها، وصب الاهتمام على إنجاز الأولويات دون غيرها، فهيَّا بنا ـ عزيزي القارئ ـ لنبحر معًا في سفينة التركيز، حتى تصل بنا إلى شاطئ النجاح.</span></b></div>
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<b><u> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: maroon; font-size: 16pt;">العدسة المجمعة:</span></u></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">هل جربت أن تجعل ضوء الشمس ينفذ عبر عدسة مجمعة للضوء؛ لكي يسقط على ورقة بيضاء؟ إن لم تكن قد جربت ذلك من قبل، فدعني أصف لك المشهد.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">ببساطة سيصبح ضوء الشمس، ذلك النجم الكبير، كأنه نقطة أو على الأكثر دائرة صغيرة على تلك الورقة البيضاء، ولو كانت تلك العدسة المجمعة ذات قوة عالية في التركيز والتجميع، فيمكنها أن تحرق تلك الورق أو أن تحدث فيها ثقبًا على الأقل!</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">ربما تقول وما علاقة نجاحي بتلك العدسة المجمعة وضوء الشمس، وتلك التجارب الفيزيائية، والنظريات العلمية المعقدة؟! وهذا ما قد يبدو لأول وهلة صحيحًا، ولكن ثمة علاقة لصيقة بينهما.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">فالشمس في المثال السابق بمثابة الطاقات والإمكانات البشرية، والعدسة المجمعة هي قدرة الذهن على التركيز، والثقب الذي حدث في الورقة البيضاء هو نتاج تركيز الذهن على استثمار تلك الطاقات والإمكانات.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b><u> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: maroon; font-size: 16pt;">الجواب على الأسئلة المحيرة:</span></u></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> أحيانًا ما يقف العقل البشري حائرًا؛ من أجل الإجابة عن بعض الأسئلة المحيرة، مثل أن يسأل أحدنا نفسه فيقول: لماذا يكون إنجازي للأهداف بطئيًا؟ أو ربما يسأل آخر: لقد بذلت الكثير من المجهود في المذاكرة، ولكنني لا أحقق درجات عالية، فلماذا؟! أو يتعجب ثالث فيقول: إنني أعمل لساعات طويلة، وزميلي في العمل يعمل أقل مني، ولكنه ينجز أهدافه بسرعة ودقة أكبر مني، فما السبب؟!</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> وما سبق ليس إلا أمثلة بسيطة على سيل من الأسئلة وفيضان من علامات الاستفهام، والتي يمكننا أن نجيب عنها بأن السبب الرئيسي هو: ضعف أو ربما فقد التركيز.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b><u> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: maroon; font-size: 16pt;">المشكلة ليست في الجهاز:</span></u></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> يحكي زيج زيجلار في كتابه (النجاح للمبتدئين) عن موقف شخصيٍّ حدث له فيقول: (عندما أشارك في ندوة صغيرة عادة ما أستخدم الأفلام الشفافة كوسيلة للإيضاح، ودائمًا لا أقوم بضبط بؤرة جهاز العرض عندما أقوم بعرض أول صورة، وغالبًا ما أتظاهر بأنني لم ألاحظ المشكلة، وهكذا أواصل حديثي مع الجماهير لعدة دقائق.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">ثم أقوم بمراقبة كل هؤلاء الأفراد الذين يشيرون بأصابعهم إلى الجهاز ليلفتوا انتباهي إلى المشكلة، وفي هذه النقطة أقول للجماهير: في الواقع، ليست هناك مشكلة في الجهاز نفسه، فكل ما هناك أنه يحتاج إلى ضبط، وبالمثل فإن حياة العديد من الناس كهذا الجهاز، لا تحتاج ببساطة سوى لضبط البؤرة، فحياة هؤلاء الناس تسير في عشرات الاتجاهات المختلفة؛ ونتيجة ذلك أنهم نادرًا ما يحققون أهدافهم الرئيسية في الحياة).</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">وكذلك ـ عزيزي القارئ ـ ليست المشكلة في نقص القدرات والإمكانات؛ فقد حبا الله عز وجل بها كل واحد منا، وإنما يكمن التحدي الأكبر لنا، في ضبط بؤرة التركيز على أهداف الحياة، بدلًا من تشتيتها بين مهام الحياة المختلفة.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b><u> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: maroon; font-size: 16pt;">الطريق إلى العبقرية: </span></u></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> (العبقرية هي القدرة على التركيز على شيء واحد في المرة الواحدة)، هكذا يصف زيج زيجلار الركن الرئيسي في العبقرية، ألا وهو قوة التركيز، وإليك قصة عبقري من عباقرة العصر الحديث، وهو العالم الشهير نيوتن، فهي قصة توضح لك مدى تركيزه فيما كان يقوم به من العمل، وكيف كان ذلك سفينته إلى شاطئ العبقرية.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">ففي يوم من الأيام وبينما هو منشغل بحل واحدة من المشاكل العلمية المعقدة، نسى نيوتن أن يتناول إفطاره، ولم تشأ زوجته أن تقطع عليه خلوته العلمية، ولكنها في الوقت نفسه كانت قلقة عليه من جراء العمل وهو جائع.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> فرحت الزوجة كثيرًا حين جاءها البائع ببعض البيض الطازج؛ فقد كان نيوتن مولعًا بتناول مثل هذا البيض مسلوقًا، بل وكان يصنعه بنفسه على موقد صغير في حجرة مكتبه، فناولته البيض، ومدت يدها إليه بالساعة وذكَّرته ألا يترك البيض في الماء حين يغلي أكثر من ثلاث دقائق، وغادرت الحجرة حتى لا تثقل على العالم المجد.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> لكنها حين عادت لأخد الوعاء بما تبقى فيه وجدت البيض وما زال في يد نيوتن، كما وجدت الساعة غارقة في وعاء المياه التي طال غليانها، وبالطبع لم تكن تلك حادثة استثنائية في حياة نيوتن، بل يُروى عن تركيزه الكثير من القصص والحكايات.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b><u> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: maroon; font-size: 16pt;">عقبات على الطريق:</span></u></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> إذًا التركيز هو طريق للنجاح والعبقرية، ولكن دون الوصول إلى ذلك عقبات، تضعف من تركيز الواحد منا، وتجعل ذهنه شاردًا ومشتتًا، ولعل لذلك أسباب من أهمها ما يلي: </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">1- وجود مشكلة ملحة تطاردنا، قد تكون مشكلة شخصية أو عائلية أو عاطفية أو مالية أو اجتماعية.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">2- توقع حدوث أمر مخيف والانشغال به.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">3- المعاناة من مشكلة صحية.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">4- وقوع أمر يؤدي إلى الفرح الشديد.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">5- التعود على العيش أسير الخيالات والأوهام غير الواقعية والتعلق بها.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">6- أن يكون فى المحيط الذي تعيش أو تعمل فيه ما يشغل الفكر؛ ويؤدى لعدم الارتياح، ومن أمثلة ذلك: الترتيب غير المناسب والمزعج لحجرتك، أو شدة الضوضاء في مكان عملك أو دراستك.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b><u> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: maroon; font-size: 16pt;">كيف السبيل؟</span></u></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">والطريق إلى تجاوز تلك العقبات، وحيازة قوة التركيز يحتاج إلى مفاتيح ثلاث؛ لفك شفرة كنز التركيز، وهذه المفاتيح هي:</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">أولًا ـ اجعل بيئتك المحيطة تدفعك إلى التركيز:</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">1. رتب المكان الذي تجلس فيه؛ فكلما كان المكان مرتبًا، كان ذلك مدعمًا لتركيزك.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">2. في أثناء حديثك مع زملائك، اجعل اهتمامك وانتباهك منصبًّا على فهم ما يقولونه، ولا تجعل ما يلبسونه أو يحملونه معهم يشتت ذهنك.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">3. قم بتجهيز كل ما تحتاج إليه في إنجاز مهامك من الأدوات والآلات قبل البدء فيها؛ فإن قيامك من أجل جلب هذه الأدوات وسط العمل يشتت الانتباه، ويضعف التركيز.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b><u> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: maroon; font-size: 16pt;">ثانيًا ـ اجعل صحتك أفضل:</span></u></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">فهناك حكمة تقول: (العقل السليم في الجسم السليم)، ولذا؛ إليك بعض الاقتراحات من أجل صحة أفضل، وتركيز أقوى:</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">1. إذا شعرت بالإجهاد فتوقف عما تقوم به من مهام، وخذ قسطًا من الاسترخاء، واغمض عينيك، وخذ نفسًا عميقًا عدة مرات، ثم عد لما كنت تقوم به بعد ذلك. </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">2. إذا كنت تشعر بالخمول، فجدد التهوية فى موقعك، وتحرك قليلًا من مكانك، أو مارس بعض التمارين الرياضية الخفيفة لبضع دقائق. </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">3. بادر بعلاج ما تعانيه من مشكلات صحية، وإذا كنت تعانى من مشكلة، فلا تبالغ في أمرها، ولا تعطها تفكيرًا أكبر من حجمها. </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">4. أعطِ نفسك قدرًا كافيًا من الراحة قبل بدء التفكير وممارسة العمل. </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">5. لا تبدأ التفكير في المسائل المهمة بعد تناول الطعام مباشرة، ولا أثناء الجوع الشديد والظمأ المفرط.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b><u> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: maroon; font-size: 16pt;">ثالثًا ـ تدرب على التركيز: </span></u></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">1. عوِّد نفسك على أن تعيش لحظتك، وأن تحصر نفسك فيما أنت فيه فقط، وحاول أن تنسى أو تتناسى كل ما عداه.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">2. عد الأرقام تنازليًّا من 100 إلى واحد، واحدًا واحدًا، هكذا: 100، 99، 98، ...إلخ.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">ثم عدها مرة أخرى اثنين اثنين، هكذا: 100، 98، 96، 94، ...إلخ.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">ثم عدها مرة أخرى ثلاثة ثلاثة، هكذا: 100، 97، 94، 91، ...إلخ.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">ثم عدها مرة أخرى أربعة أربعة، هكذا: 100، 96، 92، ...إلخ.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">ثم عدها مرة أخرى خمسة خمسة، هكذا: 100، 95، 90، ...إلخ.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">ثم عدها مرة أخرى ستة ستة، هكذا: 100، 94، 88، ...إلخ.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">ثم عدها مرة أخرى سبعة سبعة، هكذا: 100، 93، 86، ...إلخ.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl">
<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">ثم عدها مرة أخرى ثمانية ثمانية، هكذا: 100، 92، 84، ...إلخ.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl">
<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">ثم عدها مرة أخرى تسعة تسعة، هكذا: 100، 91، 82، ...إلخ.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">وكرر هذا التمرين كل يوم مرة لمدة شهر على الأقل. </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">3. قم بالتدريب الآتي:</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">· ركِّز على صورة معينة لفترة طويلة نسبيًّا، ركِّز فى ألوانها، وأشكالها، وحجمها، وكل شيء فيها.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl">
<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">· أغمض عينيك، وحاول أن تتذكر كل شيء عن هذه الصورة.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl">
<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;">· افتح عينيك، وانظر كم استطعت أن تحصل من تفاصيل فى ذهنك.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b><u> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: maroon; font-size: 16pt;">وختامًا:</span></u></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl">
<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> إذًا فالنجاح والتميز في الحياة لا يتوقف فقط على القدرات العقلية الباهرة، ولا على بذل المجهود الوافر، ولكن لابد من قوة تصقل تلك القدرات وتوجه تلك المجهودات، وهذه القوة هي قوة التركيز على الأهداف، والسعي في تحقيقها في أسرع وقت وبأفضل كفاءة.</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> وتذكر دائمًا قول الروائي الإنجليزي الشهير تشارلز ديكنز، وهو يصف لك روشتة نجاحه فيقول: (لم أكن أبدًا لأحقق النجاح بدون عادات الدقة والنظام والاجتهاد والتصميم على التركيز على عمل واحد كل مرة).</span></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
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<b><u> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: maroon; font-size: 16pt;">أهم المراجع: </span></u></b></div>
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<b> <span lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></div>
<span style="font-family: Arabic Transparent;"> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arabic Transparent;"><b><span lang="AR-SA">1. النجاح للمبتدئين، زيج زيجلار.</span></b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arabic Transparent;"> <div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl">
<b><span lang="AR-SA"> </span></b></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl">
<b><span lang="AR-SA">2. حتى لا تكون كلًّا، د.عوض القرني.</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA"> </span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA">3. قوة التركيز، د.آن ويزر كورنيل.</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA"> </span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA">4. أنت عبقري ولكن كيف تنمي قدراتك، محمد فتحي.</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA"> </span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA">5. قوة التركيز، جاك كانفيلد ومارك فيكتور هانسن ولس هيوت.</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA"> </span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="AR-SA">6. ترتيب المدارك وتقريب المسالك، القاضي عياض.</span></b></div>
</span> <span style="font-family: Arabic Transparent; font-size: large;"> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arabic Transparent; font-size: large;"><b> <span dir="ltr" style="color: navy; font-size: 14pt;"> </span></b></span></div>
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www.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-73551997518278550522017-11-27T16:23:00.001-08:002017-11-27T16:24:17.912-08:0010 components to prepare a Marketing Plan - business plan<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
<ul style="box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(70 , 70 , 70); font-family: "pt serif" , "timesnewroman" , "times new roman" , "times" , "georgia" , serif; font-size: 19px; padding-left: 2rem;">
<li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style-type: disc; padding-left: 0.5rem;">Executive summary - a snapshot of your business.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style-type: disc; padding-left: 0.5rem;">Company description - describes what you do.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style-type: disc; padding-left: 0.5rem;">Market analysis - research on your industry, market, and competitors.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style-type: disc; padding-left: 0.5rem;">Organization and management - your business and management structure.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style-type: disc; padding-left: 0.5rem;">Service or product - the products or services you're offering.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style-type: disc; padding-left: 0.5rem;">Marketing and sales - how you'll market your business and your sales strategy.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style-type: disc; padding-left: 0.5rem;">Funding request - how much money you'll need for next 3 to 5 years.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style-type: disc; padding-left: 0.5rem;">Financial projections - supply information like balance sheets.</li>
<li style="box-sizing: inherit; list-style-type: disc; padding-left: 0.5rem;">Appendix- an optional section that includes résumés and permits.</li>
</ul>
</div>
www.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-26387957960852456112017-11-26T08:42:00.001-08:002017-11-26T08:42:14.090-08:00Some important Marketing abbreviations<div dir="auto">AIDA = Awarness then interest then desire then action to buy </div><div dir="auto"> It is about funneling of your customers </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">BNAT= Budget - Need - Authority - Time Limit </div><div dir="auto"> Stands for factors that must be found in any purchaser </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">4 Ps = Product - Price - Place - Promotion </div><div dir="auto"> Marketing Mix</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">3 Es = Effecient - Effective - Economic </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">AIME = Analysis and Improvement of Marketing Effectiveness </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">AMPR = Advertising Marketing Public Relation </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">AIMS = Adeverting Integrated Marketing Solutions </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">B&L = Benifit and Loss</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">BM = Biopsy Marketing </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">CRM = Customer Retention Management </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">CRM = Customer Relationship Marketing </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">CLM = Closed Loop Marketing / Multichannel Feedback and Approach to increase awareness and feedback </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">DM = Digital Marketing </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">DDM = Direct Digital Marketing </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">EVM = Effective Visual Marketing </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><div dir="auto">IMS = Integrated Marketing Solutions </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">IM = Internet Marketing <br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Gurrilla Strategy = Cheap Innovative Creative Marketing Solutions like Graffiti </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">LAM = Local Area Marketing </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">MLM = Multi Level Marketing </div></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">MM = Mobile Marketing </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">OBM = Occasion Based Marketing </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">PIM = Profitable Interest Marketing </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Slim Approach</div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">SDM = Sales Driver Marketing </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">SMC = Strategic Marketing Communication </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">TDM = Technology Driver Marketing </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">T M = Tele Marketing </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">TN = Tree Network</div><div dir="auto"> Marketing System like MLM </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">SM = Social Media </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"><br></div> www.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-43283555905737545452017-11-25T22:55:00.000-08:002017-11-25T23:15:51.902-08:00Easy Marketing Strategies and tools for Small Bussiness<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
<div dir="auto">
- Facebook Advertising</div>
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- write a column in a website or newspaper </div>
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- Google My Business </div>
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- Adwords Google</div>
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- Partnerships with other Bussinesses</div>
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- Content Marketing </div>
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- Mobile IOS application and android App</div>
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- Organic Social Media Approach</div>
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- Local Community Groups Rotary , Lions etc</div>
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- Coupons Deal Sites</div>
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- Email Marketing but to be linked to a Value for Target Customers </div>
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- YouTube Acccount </div>
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- Webinar </div>
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- Free Consultation Services</div>
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- Reffreals bonus and start with your own team who brings in New Prospect</div>
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- Adertise in local and Small Newspapers or printed materials </div>
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- Local Differentiated Bussiness societies will give you better feedback and Market understanding </div>
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- Direct Mail Marketing </div>
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- Share in Local events as speaker or by Borchures and Stands and promotional material<br />
- Lead Magnet Approach like join us on Facebook<br />
- Understand and UseSearch Engines Optimization tools<br />
- user the right Influencers on Social Media<br />
- Focus on Helping others they will Help you Later<br />
- Maintained relationships with all customers<br />
- <br />
- Network your Networki to friends and colleagues but not Spam<br />
- Use Linkedin portfolio to promote video about Your Business<br />
<br /></div>
</div>
www.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-25771351914816804532017-11-25T04:50:00.001-08:002017-11-25T04:50:43.319-08:00How to write your Marketing Strategy Statement<h3 style="padding:0px;margin:10px 0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;font-family:robotoblack;letter-spacing:0.6px;line-height:1.3;font-weight:normal;color:rgb(0,41,167);font-size:22px"><div dir="auto"><br></div></h3><p style="padding:10px 0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px">When you put the five key decisions of marketing strategy in a sentence form, it looks like this fill-in-the-blank statement:</p><p style="padding:10px 0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px">Your company name is the leading category for target customers that provides unique benefit. Unlike competitors, your company does unique differentiator.</p><p style="padding:10px 0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px">Our growth rate doubled when we focused and committed to this clear and simple marketing strategy.</p><p style="padding:10px 0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px">Try it for yourself: Fill in the blanks to create the marketing strategy statement for your own business. Get some perspective from employees, friends and best customers. List all the possibilities and then make some decisions. Say it out loud a few times. You should feel clarity and power coming through. It will also show you a few things you could stop doing in your business that would create more focus.</p><p style="padding:10px 0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px"></p><div dir="auto">Here's the real secret that successful companies practice with extreme discipline:Creating a clear marketing strategy is not what companies do after they get big, it's what small companies do to grow and get bigger in the first place</div><p></p> www.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-63369013383063090432017-11-25T04:35:00.001-08:002017-11-25T04:35:37.519-08:00Questions to be asked before setting a Marketing Strategy for any Business<p style="padding:10px 0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px"></p><div dir="auto"><br></div><p></p><ol style="padding:0px;margin:0px 0px 25px 20px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px"><li style="padding:0px;margin:0px 0px 5px;outline:none;list-style:decimal outside;border:0px none">Who is your defined target customers ?</li><li style="padding:0px;margin:0px 0px 5px;outline:none;list-style:decimal outside;border:0px none">In which category does your business exist?</li><li style="padding:0px;margin:0px 0px 5px;outline:none;list-style:decimal outside;border:0px none">What is your differntiated benefit?</li><li style="padding:0px;margin:0px 0px 5px;outline:none;list-style:decimal outside;border:0px none">Who is your real competitor ?</li><li style="padding:0px;margin:0px 0px 5px;outline:none;list-style:decimal outside;border:0px none">How are you different from your competitors?</li></ol><p style="padding:10px 0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px"></p><div dir="auto">To make your tactics work better, you have to decide on the simple answer to each of these questions </div><p></p><h3 style="padding:0px;margin:10px 0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;font-family:robotoblack;letter-spacing:0.6px;line-height:1.3;font-weight:normal;color:rgb(0,41,167);font-size:22px">Who is Your Target Customer?</h3><p style="padding:10px 0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px"></p><div dir="auto">to define your target customer "Who do you serve?" always needs to be answered clearly before you can execute any tactic effectively. This means you have to say "no" to other potential customers who might buy from you but who are clearly bad fits for your narrow focus. This takes time to develop the discipline, but you can't do effective marketing without </div><p></p><p style="padding:10px 0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px"></p><div dir="auto">Focusing on a well-defined target may make you uncomfortable at first, but stay the course and follow through</div><p></p><p style="padding:10px 0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px"></p><div dir="auto">The narrower you define your market so you can focus on those that you can best serve and those that can best service you, the more effective your entire business wil be</div><p></p><h3 style="padding:0px;margin:10px 0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;font-family:robotoblack;letter-spacing:0.6px;line-height:1.3;font-weight:normal;color:rgb(0,41,167);font-size:22px">What is Your Category?</h3><p style="padding:10px 0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px"> short description of what business you are in. What few words would someone say to describe your business? </p><p style="padding:10px 0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px">Most business owners can't resist over-complicating their company descriptions. This leaves people unsure of what you actually do, which weakens your marketing effectiveness. Here's a simple rule: If someone can't clearly remember your category description a month after you meet them, they were never clear about what you do in the first place.</p><p style="padding:10px 0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px">Clearly defining your category helps amplify your marketing and sales efforts. Think of what it would take to be the best – the leader – in your category. </p><h3 style="padding:0px;margin:10px 0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;font-family:robotoblack;letter-spacing:0.6px;line-height:1.3;font-weight:normal;color:rgb(0,41,167);font-size:22px">What is Your Unique Benefit over competitors ?</h3><p style="padding:10px 0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px"></p><div dir="auto">Your unique benefit should highlight the one (or two) main things your product or service actually delivers (benefits) that your target customer really wants, not a long list of all the things your product does .</div><p></p><h3 style="padding:0px;margin:10px 0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;font-family:robotoblack;letter-spacing:0.6px;line-height:1.3;font-weight:normal;color:rgb(0,41,167);font-size:22px">Who is Your Competition?</h3><p style="padding:10px 0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px"></p><div dir="auto">When someone is looking to buy a solution to a problem, they will quickly make sense of the alternatives to compare against – your competition. </div><p></p><p style="padding:10px 0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px"></p><div dir="auto">You need to be clear in your own mind about what your biggest competitor is. </div><p></p><h3 style="padding:0px;margin:10px 0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;font-family:robotoblack;letter-spacing:0.6px;line-height:1.3;font-weight:normal;color:rgb(0,41,167);font-size:22px">Why Are You Different and Better for Your Target Customer?</h3><p style="padding:10px 0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px"></p><div dir="auto">Once you have defined your competition, make a list of all the things you do differently and better. Then rank each of them by how important these factors are to your target customer. </div><p></p><p style="padding:10px 0px;margin:0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Open Sans',sans-serif;font-size:16px"></p><div dir="auto">Don't overcomplicate this. People just want to know one or two things to move their decision along. Is it cheaper? faster ? </div><p></p><h3 style="padding:0px;margin:10px 0px;outline:none;list-style:none;border:0px none;font-family:robotoblack;letter-spacing:0.6px;line-height:1.3;font-weight:normal;color:rgb(0,41,167);font-size:22px"><div dir="auto"><br></div></h3> www.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-74907487066149893182017-11-23T15:43:00.001-08:002017-11-25T21:30:08.742-08:00Definition of Health Care Marketing<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">Definition of Marketing by different societies</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">The American Marketing Association</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">"the activity, set of institu</span><span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">tions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners and society at large". </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">Kotler & Armstrong </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9pt;">"a social and managerial process by </span><span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9pt;">which individuals and organizations obtain what they need and want through creating and ex- changing value with others"</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">differnces between the health care </span><span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">services in general from the other economic fields are the primary aims to help others, the aspi</span><span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">ration to save human life and to improve the quality of life. However, those are very difficult to </span><span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">grasp and any measurement, from an economic point of view, is highly problematic. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">Buckley </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">marketing in the health care sector as self-education with the aim to find the needs and requirements of potential clients. Consequently, we will attract those clients if we are able to offer the required services when needed, at the right time and in the right place. Winston (1985) de nes marketing in health care sector as a discipline that helps us understand: </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 9.000000pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">Functioning of current marketing services<br /> </span><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 9.000000pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">The role of health care institutions in providing the health care services<br /> </span><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 9.000000pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">Mechanism for balancing the capacity of establishment with service demand </span><span style="font-family: "wingdings"; font-size: 9.000000pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">The way to establish the level of client satisfaction </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">Winston (1985) also defi</span><span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9pt;">nes the initial assumptions when applying marketing strategies in health </span><span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9pt;">care:</span><br />
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<li style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;"> <span style="font-size: 9pt;">In the health care sector a client is a patient. </span><br />
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<li style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;"> <span style="font-size: 9pt;">A patient's recommendation is the biggest marketing success of the health care establish- </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 9pt;">ment's marketing. </span><br />
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<li style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;"> <span style="font-size: 9pt;">Every health care institution has to evaluate the effectiveness of their services regularly and </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 9pt;">must not assume the fact that having clients using their services means that they are indeed </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 9pt;">satisfied. </span><br />
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<li style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;"> <span style="font-size: 9pt;">Marketing is a useful management tool but it cannot offer solutions to all problems re- </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 9pt;">lated to the effective management of a successful organisation. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: 9pt;">It has to be complemented </span><span style="font-size: 9pt;">by financial management, human resource management, strategic planning and economic </span><span style="font-size: 9pt;">analyses. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">If we were to apply a definition of marketing in the health care sector to hospitals, we could state that hospital marketing is the process of recognizing the needs and requirements of clients, anticipating demands and reacting and meeting requirements in such a manner that brings both client satisfaction as well as ensuring the effective financial management of the hospital. Accord</span><span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">- ing to Gladkij (2003) the focus of marketing management is mainly to establish long term goals in regards to expected external economic trends. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">Competition in the hospital market provides the groundwork for the application of marketing </span><span style="font-family: "garamond"; font-size: 9.000000pt;">management and marketing tools in this Field. According to Hoffmann, Grossterlin </span></div>
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www.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-5710594194940877312017-11-23T14:50:00.001-08:002017-11-23T14:50:47.300-08:00What is functions and Job Description of Marketing Manager in hospitals<p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;font-size:16px;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Nunito Sans',sans-serif"></p><div dir="auto"> create and implement marketing plans for hospitals and medical facilities.</div><div dir="auto"> plan programs and events that build relationships between healthcare personnel and patients, </div><div dir="auto">position the medical center's products and services favorably in the healthcare market. </div><div dir="auto">designing hospital brochures, </div><div dir="auto">posting and editing content on the hospital's website, </div><div dir="auto">identifying specialty practices that or physicians who can help increase marketing value for the healthcare facilities</div><p></p><div class="clearfix" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Nunito Sans',sans-serif;font-size:14px" dir="auto"></div><h2 class="section-title" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-family:'Nunito Sans',sans-serif;font-weight:500;line-height:1.1;color:rgb(51,51,51);margin:20px 0px 10px;font-size:22px"><div dir="auto"><br></div></h2><div class="clearfix" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Nunito Sans',sans-serif;font-size:14px" dir="auto"></div><h2 class="section-title" style="box-sizing:border-box;font-family:'Nunito Sans',sans-serif;font-weight:500;line-height:1.1;color:rgb(51,51,51);margin:20px 0px 10px;font-size:22px"><div dir="auto">Skills required</div></h2><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;font-size:16px;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Nunito Sans',sans-serif">Strong analytical, </p><p style="box-sizing:border-box;margin:0px 0px 10px;font-size:16px;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:'Nunito Sans',sans-serif"></p><div dir="auto">problem-solving, </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">organizational and project management skills </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto"> Sufficient computer proficiency as marketers must frequently use spreadsheet, word processing, </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">presentation </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">email software applications. </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">Candidates should also be able to prioritize projects with little supervision and meet tight deadlines.</div><p></p> www.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-30225838677797322362017-11-23T10:46:00.001-08:002017-11-23T10:46:29.305-08:00Factors affecting Decision Making Macro and Micro Factors ( Total Environment )<table width="475" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style="font-family:-webkit-standard"><tbody><tr><td valign="TOP" width="361"><p><span style="font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small">You can take some items from this topic Especially those underlined as an individual factor </span></p><p><span style="font-family:Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small">Zidan </span><br></p><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">😜😜😜😜</font></p><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">We can organise the factors affecting decision making into three major groups:</font></p><p></p><ul><li><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Perception Issues</font></p></li><li><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Organisational Issues</font></p></li><li><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Environmental Issues </font><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial"></font></p></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table><table width="475" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style="font-family:-webkit-standard"><tbody><tr><td colspan="3"><img src="https://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/toolbox/leadership/toolbox/images/content_graphics/trans.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="" border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><img src="https://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/toolbox/leadership/toolbox/images/content_graphics/trans.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="" border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0"></td></tr><tr><td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="105"><div align="right"><p><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font size="2"><b><font color="cc6600" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Perception Issues</font></b></font></font></font></font><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" color="cc6600"><b>:</b></font></p></div></td><td rowspan="2" width="14" valign="TOP"><img src="https://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/toolbox/leadership/toolbox/images/content_graphics/trans.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="" border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0"></td><td valign="TOP" width="361"><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font size="2"></font></font><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Perception can be described as the way in which individuals interpret their environment. An individual's perception can influence how they make decisions and solve problems</font></p><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Perception can be influenced by the following:</font></p><p></p><ul><li><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">The perceiver</font></p></li><li><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">The object</font></p></li><li><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">The situation</font></p></li></ul><p><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="2"><i>The Perceiver</i></font></p><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">The perceiver, the individual perceiving the object, will be heavily influenced by their personal characteristics. The types of personal characteristics that can affect an individual's perception include:</font></p><p></p><ul><li><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b><u>Background and experience</u></b></font></p></li><li><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b><u>Personal values</u></b></font></p></li><li><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b><u>Personal expectations</u></b></font></p></li><li><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b><u>Personal interests</u></b></font></p></li></ul><p><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="2"><i>The Object</i></font></p><p></p><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">The object, which refers to any person, item or event can have an impact on the way it is perceived. For example, when a manager receives a number of reports to read he may be more inclined to read the one with the most colourful cover as this one stands out.</font></p><p><br></p><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><i>The Situation</i></font></p><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Time, location and other situational factors can influence our perception of an object. For example, a Team Leader may notice team members who work late on the same evenings as the Team Leader. However, team members who work late on other evenings may not be noticed by the Team Leader.<br><br></font><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"></font><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font size="2"></font></font></p></td></tr></tbody></table><table width="475" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style="font-family:-webkit-standard"><tbody><tr><td colspan="3"><img src="https://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/toolbox/leadership/toolbox/images/content_graphics/trans.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="" border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="3"><img src="https://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/toolbox/leadership/toolbox/images/content_graphics/trans.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="" border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0"></td></tr><tr><td align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="105"><div align="right"><p><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font face="Verdana, Arial"><b><font size="2" color="cc6600" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Issues</font></b></font></font></font><font color="cc6600" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b> <font size="2"><br>within the Organisation</font>:</b></font></p></div></td><td rowspan="2" width="14" valign="TOP"><img src="https://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/toolbox/leadership/toolbox/images/content_graphics/trans.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="" border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0"></td><td valign="TOP" width="361" nowrap><p><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">A number of organisational issues can impact on the decision making process. These issues include:</font></font></font></font></p><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font face="Verdana, Arial"><ul><li><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Policies and procedures</font></p></li><li><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Organisational hierarchy</font></p></li><li><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Organisational politics</font></p></li></ul></font></font></font><p><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="2"><i>Policies and Procedures</i></font></p><p><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="2">Many organisations have formalised policies and procedures which have been developed to resolve common problems and to guide managers when making decisions. For example, many organisations have documented disciplinary procedures which guide managers through a process of resolving issues with staff members.</font></p><p><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="2"><i>Organisational Hierarchy</i></font></p><p><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="2">Organisational hierarchy refers to the management structure of the organisation. Most organisations have different levels of management which carry with them different degrees of authority. The degree of authority directly impacts on the nature of the decisions an individual can make. For example, a Customer Contact Centre Team Leader cannot make decisions about the overall goals of the organisation. However, the Team Leader can make decisions about how their team contributes to the achievement of the organisation's goals.</font></p><p><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="2"><i>Organisational Politics</i></font></p><p><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="2">Organisational politics refers to behaviour displayed by individuals and groups which is designed to influence others. Individuals and teams will often use politics to:</font></p><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font size="2"><ul><li><p><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="2">Advance their careers</font></p></li><li><p><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="2">Advance their interests and ideas</font></p></li><li><p><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="2">Increase their rewards</font></p></li></ul></font></font></font></font><p><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="2">Organisations are made up of individuals with different beliefs, values and interests. These differences are often the driving forces behind organisational politics. For example, two teams believe they require an extra team member. Unfortunately the organisation can only afford one new employee. The two teams may well use politics in an attempt to influence their manager to allocate the new employee to their team. <br></font><br></p></td></tr></tbody></table><table width="475" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style="font-family:-webkit-standard"><tbody><tr><td colspan="3"><img src="https://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/toolbox/leadership/toolbox/images/content_graphics/trans.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="" border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="4" align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="105"><p><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font face="Verdana, Arial"><b><font size="2" color="cc6600" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Issues <br>within the </font><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b><font size="2" color="cc6600">Environment</font></b></font><font size="2" color="cc6600" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">:</font></b></font></font></font></p></td><td rowspan="4" width="14" valign="TOP"><img src="https://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/toolbox/leadership/toolbox/images/content_graphics/trans.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="" border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0"></td><td width="2" height="1" bgcolor="#CCCCC99"><img src="https://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/toolbox/leadership/toolbox/rm/trans.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="" border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0"></td></tr><tr><td valign="TOP" width="356"><p><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="2">Environmental issues are the external factors that affect the organisation. The types of external factors that can have an effect on decision making include: </font></p><ul><li><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">The market in which the organisation operates</font></p></li><li><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">The economy</font></p></li><li><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Government legislation</font></p></li><li><p><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Customers' reaction to the organisation's products and services</font></p></li></ul><p><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="2">For example, B&B online™ decided to create a new team, B&B for Busy Bodies™ because they believed that a corporate market existed for the bed and breakfast industry.<br><br></font></p><p><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font face="Verdana, Arial"><font size="2"></font></font></font></font></p></td></tr></tbody></table><table width="475" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style="font-family:-webkit-standard"><tbody><tr><td colspan="3"><img src="https://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/toolbox/leadership/toolbox/images/content_graphics/trans.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="" border="0" hspace="0" vspace="0"></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3" align="RIGHT" valign="TOP" width="105"><p></p></td><td rowspan="3" width="14" valign="TOP"><br></td><td valign="TOP" width="356"><ul><li><p></p></li></ul><p><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="2">You can take some items from this topic dear Zidan </font></p></td></tr></tbody></table> www.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-73363280159075288092017-11-23T10:27:00.001-08:002017-11-23T10:27:36.387-08:00Individual factors affecting ethical Decision Making<p class="s4" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:2.4;font-family:-webkit-standard;font-size:18px"><span style="line-height:21.600000381469727px;padding-left:36px"></span><span class="s3" style="line-height:14.399999618530273px;font-size:12px">Significant individual factors that affect the ethical decision-making process include </span></p><p class="s4" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:2.4;font-family:-webkit-standard;font-size:18px"><span class="s3" style="line-height:14.399999618530273px;font-size:12px"><b><u>personal moral philosophy</u></b>, </span></p><p class="s4" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:2.4;font-family:-webkit-standard;font-size:18px"><span class="s3" style="line-height:14.399999618530273px;font-size:12px"><b><u>stage of moral development</u></b></span></p><p class="s4" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:2.4;font-family:-webkit-standard;font-size:18px"><span class="s3" style="line-height:14.399999618530273px;font-size:12px">, <b><u>motivation</u></b>, </span></p><p class="s4" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:2.4;font-family:-webkit-standard;font-size:18px"><span class="s3" style="line-height:14.399999618530273px;font-size:12px">other <b><u>personal factors</u></b> such as gender, age, and experience. </span></p><p class="s4" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:2.4;font-family:-webkit-standard;font-size:18px"><span class="s3" style="line-height:14.399999618530273px;font-size:12px">Lamia 😍😍😍</span></p><p class="s4" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:2.4;font-family:-webkit-standard;font-size:18px"><span class="s3" style="line-height:14.399999618530273px;font-size:12px"><b><u>Moral philosophies</u></b> </span></p><p class="s4" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:2.4;font-family:-webkit-standard;font-size:18px"><span class="s3" style="line-height:14.399999618530273px;font-size:12px">are the principles or rules that individuals apply in deciding what is right or wrong. </span></p><p class="s4" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:2.4;font-family:-webkit-standard;font-size:18px"><span class="s3" style="line-height:14.399999618530273px;font-size:12px">Most moral philosophies can be classified as consequentialism, ethical formalism, or justice.</span></p><p class="s4" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:2.4;font-family:-webkit-standard;font-size:18px"><span class="s3" style="line-height:14.399999618530273px;font-size:12px"> Consequentialist philosophies consider a decision to be right or acceptable if it accomplishes a desired result such as pleasure, knowledge, career growth, the realization of self-interest, </span></p><p class="s4" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:2.4;font-family:-webkit-standard;font-size:18px"><span style="font-size:12px">.</span></p><p class="s4" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:2.4;font-family:-webkit-standard;font-size:18px"><b><u><span style="line-height:21.600000381469727px;padding-left:36px"></span><span class="s3" style="line-height:14.399999618530273px;font-size:12px">The culture of the organization</span></u></b></p><p class="s4" style="margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;line-height:2.4;font-family:-webkit-standard;font-size:18px"><span class="s3" style="line-height:14.399999618530273px;font-size:12px">, as well as superiors, peers, and subordinates, can have a significant impact on the ethical decision-making process. Organizational, or corporate, culture can be defined as a set of values, beliefs, goals, norms, and rituals shared by members or employees of an organization. </span></p> www.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-9944099999718349832017-11-23T10:04:00.000-08:002017-11-23T10:05:05.186-08:00Individual factors affecting Decision making process<h3 id="header1page1" style="padding:95px 0px 10px;font-family:'Crimson Text',Helvetica,'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;line-height:normal;font-size:1.5em;color:rgb(153,153,153)">Factors that Influence Decision Making</h3><h3 id="header1page1" style="padding:95px 0px 10px;font-family:'Crimson Text',Helvetica,'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif;line-height:normal;font-size:1.5em;color:rgb(153,153,153)"><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:300"><br></p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px"><u>Past experiences </u></p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:300">can impact future decision making and past decisions influence the decisions people make in the future. It stands to reason that when something positive results from a decision, people are more likely to decide in a similar way, given a similar situation. On the other hand, people tend to avoid repeating past mistakes .</p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px"><span style="font-weight:300"> </span><u>cognitive biases </u></p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:300"> influence decision making. Cognitive biases are thinking patterns based on observations and generalizations that may lead to memory errors, inaccurate judgments, and faulty logic </p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:300">Cognitive biases include</p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:300">belief bias, </p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:300">the over dependence on prior knowledge in arriving at decisions;</p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:300"> hindsight bias, </p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:300">people tend to readily explain an event as inevitable, once it has happened; </p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:300">omission bias, generally, people have a propensity to omit information perceived as risky; and confirmation bias, in which people observe what they expect in observations </p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px"><u>escalation of commitment and sunk outcomes</u><br></p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:300"> which are unrecoverable costs. Juliusson, Karlsson, and Garling (2005) concluded people make decisions based on an irrational escalation of commitment, that is, individuals invest larger amounts of time, money, and effort into a decision to which they feel committed; further, </p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px"><span style="font-weight:300"><br></span></p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px"><span style="font-weight:300">Some individual differences may also influence decision making. Research has indicated that </span><u>age, socioeconomic status (SES), and cognitive abilities influences decision making</u><span style="font-weight:300"> </span></p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px"><u>Age factor </u></p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px"><span style="font-weight:300">a significant difference in decision making across age; that is, as cognitive functions decline as a result of age, decision making performance may decline as well. In addition, older people may be more overconfident regarding their ability to make decisions, which inhibits their ability to apply strategies (de Bruin et al., 2007). Finally, with respect to age, there is evidence to support the notion that older adults prefer fewer choices than younger adults </span></p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:300">Age is only one individual difference that influences decision making. According to de Bruin et al. (2007), people in lower SES groups may have less access to <a href="http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/keyword/education" class="content-tag" title="View 15 other articles with tag 'Education'" style="color:rgb(0,0,102);text-decoration:none;border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:dotted">education</a> and resources, which may make them more susceptible to experiencing negative life events, often beyond their control; as a result, low SES individuals may make poorer decisions, based on past decisions.</p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px"><span style="font-weight:300"> </span><u>the belief in personal relevanc</u><span style="font-weight:300"><u>e</u>. </span></p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px"><span style="font-weight:300">When people believe what they decide matters, they are more likely to make a decision. Acevedo and Krueger (2004) examined individuals' voting patterns, and concluded that people will vote more readily when they believe their opinion is indicative of the attitudes of the general population, </span></p><p style="margin:0px 0px 25px;color:rgb(33,33,33);font-family:Helvetica,'Crimson Text',Georgia,'times new roman',times,serif;font-size:14px"><br></p></h3> www.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-83128458363600926192017-11-22T02:43:00.001-08:002017-11-22T02:43:23.669-08:00Decision Making: Root Cause Analysis in brief<p style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Geneva,sans-serif;font-size:13px"></p><div dir="auto">To get to the core of a problem, perform a root cause analysis. </div><div dir="auto"><br></div><div dir="auto">This is a process in which you repeatedly make a statement of fact and ask the question: "Why? </div><p></p><div class="block_indent" style="padding-left:25px;padding-right:25px;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Geneva,sans-serif;font-size:13px" dir="auto"><p>For example, the CEO of pizza chain noticed that he was losing sales because his home deliveries were slower than competitors. </p><p>suggestions that they invest in a fleet of delivery vehicles to solve this problem. </p><p>Instead of jumping to this conclusion, the manager asks: "Our pizza deliveries are slow. Why?</p><p> Our delivery associates drive old cars that are in poor condition. Why?</p><p> They can't afford repairs or newer cars. Why? </p><p>They don't have the money. Why? </p><p>Their pay is too low." Through this process, he realizes that the older, poorly maintained vehicles were a symptom of lower wages than those competitors paid.</p></div><p style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Geneva,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Root-cause analysis can work well for an individual, a small group, or in brainstorming sessions.</p><p style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Geneva,sans-serif;font-size:13px">A tool that can help you perform such an analysis is called a fishbone diagram. </p><p style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Geneva,sans-serif;font-size:13px"></p><div dir="auto">As the following illustration demonstrates, every fishbone diagram will look a little different depending on the particular problem being solved.</div><p></p><div><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ux1vwrlmFAU/WhVUzENvkfI/AAAAAAABxLU/4fR-zF6VZtMAvIqjHpMzzfGpqTHCrKHggCK4BGAYYCw/s1600/IMG_9602-703670.jpg"><img src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ux1vwrlmFAU/WhVUzENvkfI/AAAAAAABxLU/4fR-zF6VZtMAvIqjHpMzzfGpqTHCrKHggCK4BGAYYCw/s320/IMG_9602-703670.jpg" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_6491187674205884914" /></a></div><br style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Geneva,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><br style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Geneva,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><span style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Geneva,sans-serif;font-size:13px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><div dir="auto"><br></div></span> www.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-89515665059677149622017-11-22T02:24:00.001-08:002017-11-22T02:24:42.785-08:00Decision making group discussion : Group excessive harmony versus excessive individualism<p style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Geneva,sans-serif;font-size:13px"></p><div dir="auto">In decision making as a group process iindividual biases can be counteracted by the presence of multiple voices and perspectives</div><p></p><div dir="auto"><p style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Geneva,sans-serif;font-size:13px">.</p><p style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Geneva,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Otherwise, you may find yourself confronted with one of the following extremes.</p><ul style="list-style-position:outside;margin-top:10px;color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Geneva,sans-serif;font-size:13px"><li style="line-height:20px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px"><span class="inline-normal"><strong>Excessive group harmony</strong>: Excessive group harmony occurs when individuals want to be accepted in a group or they lack interest in the process.</span><ul style="list-style:disc outside none;margin-top:10px"><br><li style="line-height:20px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px"><span class="inline-normal"><strong>"Groupthink."</strong> This results when participants' desire for agreement overrides their motivation to evaluate alternative options. In this situation, people tend to withhold their opinions, especially if their views differ from those of the group leader. </span>They may spend a lot of time inquiring about what others in the group want so that the solution they reach will make everyone happy.</li><li style="line-height:20px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px"><span class="inline-normal"><strong>Lack of interest.</strong> when participants lack interest in the process or do not feel empowered. If the group feels that the leader has already made the decision, </span></li></ul></li><li style="line-height:20px;padding-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px"><span class="inline-normal"><strong>Excessive individualism</strong>: individuals engage in aggressive advocacy, placing stakes in the ground, relentlessly arguing their positions. They disregard the opinions of other group members and fail to consider the common good.</span></li></ul><p style="color:rgb(51,51,51);font-family:Geneva,sans-serif;font-size:13px">Extreme behaviors can lengthen the decision-making process and interfere with making good decisions. </p></div> www.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-79951302650318826332017-11-08T17:09:00.001-08:002017-11-11T02:55:41.367-08:00Types of personal bias during discussions for decision making <div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
<div class="pageBody" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; color: #333333; font-family: Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 20px; margin-top: 10px; position: relative; text-align: left; z-index: 0;">
Decision making is made difficult by common, often unconscious, obstacles that frequently inhibit a decision maker's ability to determine the optimal choice. Such obstacles include individual biases and unproductive group dynamics. While it is almost impossible to eliminate these obstacles, recognizing them in yourself and in the members of your group will help you make more objective decisions.<br />
Here are some common examples of biases—distortions or preconceived notions—that people encounter when making decisions.<br />
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<li style="line-height: 20px; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px;"><div class="inline-normal">
<strong>Bias toward the familiar and toward past successes</strong>. We tend to base our decisions on events and information that are familiar to us.</div>
<div class="block_indent" style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;">
For example, a manager remembers her launch of a new product in Spain three years ago; it was her first big marketing success. She also vaguely remembers that a similar launch strategy was <em>un</em>successful in a number of other countries. Because her memories of the successful Spanish launch are so vivid, she emphasizes this experience and discounts the evidence of unsuccessful launches elsewhere. When she tries to extend a new brand into Portugal, her efforts fail. While the strategy used for the Spanish launch may have been a good starting point, her reliance on a prior success led to incorrect assumptions about the Portuguese market.</div>
</li>
<li style="line-height: 20px; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px;"><div class="inline-normal">
<strong>Bias toward accepting assumptions at face value</strong>. We are generally overconfident in our assumptions and therefore generate too few alternatives.</div>
<div class="block_indent" style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;">
For example, a manager purchases a software package offered by the largest vendor without collecting competitive bids. He assumes that because the package works for other users in the same industry, it will work for him. He fails to investigate other software packages that might better meet his needs.</div>
</li>
<li style="line-height: 20px; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px;"><div class="inline-normal">
<strong>Bias toward the status quo</strong>. We have a tendency to resist major deviations from the status quo.</div>
<div class="block_indent" style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;">
For example, people at a company may be familiar with how to use a particular computer program and resist using an alternative, even though their program is outdated. Their resistance may be driven more by their reluctance to learn something new than by the quality of the system itself.</div>
</li>
<li style="line-height: 20px; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px;"><div class="inline-normal">
<strong>Bias toward confirming our opinion</strong>. Once we form an opinion, we typically seek out information that supports our viewpoint and ignore facts that may challenge it.</div>
<div class="block_indent" style="padding-left: 25px; padding-right: 25px;">
For example, a manager searches the Internet to find data supporting her preference for focus groups in market research, but does not stop to read information that supports other approaches</div>
</li>
</ul>
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www.ahlawia.comhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02031509007064411917noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7155402571724074076.post-68284773897336214882017-11-08T16:57:00.004-08:002017-11-08T16:57:31.688-08:00Differences between inquiry approach and advocacy approach in decision making <div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
<div style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; color: #333333; font-family: Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: left;">
The following table illustrates the advocacy approach versus the inquiry approach to decision making:</div>
<table cellspacing="0" class="header" style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; border-collapse: collapse; color: #333333; font-family: Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px 0px 15px; padding: 0px; width: 450px;"><caption style="font-size: 1em; font-weight: bold; padding: 0px 0px 15px;">Approaches to decision making</caption><tbody>
<tr class="even" style="background-color: #ddeeff; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;"><br /></td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;"><strong>Advocacy</strong></td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;"><strong>Inquiry</strong></td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;">Concept of decision making</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;">A contest</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;">Collaborative problem solving</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;">Purpose of discussion</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;">Persuasion and lobbying</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;">Testing and evaluation</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;">Participants' role</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;">Spokespeople</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;">Critical thinkers</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;">Patterns of behavior</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;"><ul style="list-style-image: none; list-style-position: outside; margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 15px; padding-left: 10px;">
<li style="line-height: 20px; list-style-position: outside; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px;"><span class="inline-normal">Strive to persuade others</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 20px; list-style-position: outside; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px;"><span class="inline-normal">Defend your position</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 20px; list-style-position: outside; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px;"><span class="inline-normal">Downplay weaknesses</span></li>
</ul>
</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;"><ul style="list-style-image: none; list-style-position: outside; margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 15px; padding-left: 10px;">
<li style="line-height: 20px; list-style-position: outside; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px;"><span class="inline-normal">Present balanced arguments</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 20px; list-style-position: outside; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px;"><span class="inline-normal">Remain open to alternatives</span></li>
<li style="line-height: 20px; list-style-position: outside; list-style-type: disc; margin-left: 0px; padding-bottom: 10px;"><span class="inline-normal">Accept constructive criticism</span></li>
</ul>
</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;">Minority views</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;">Discouraged or dismissed</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;">Cultivated and valued</td></tr>
<tr style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;">The outcome</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;">Winners and losers</td><td style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 221, 238); color: #4f6b72; margin: 0px; padding: 8px; vertical-align: top;">Collective ownership</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; color: #333333; font-family: Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: left;">
While inquiry is an ideal, it is seldom met in practice. It is extremely difficult for individuals to discuss ideas or issues without expressing their opinions. A more realistic and effective technique for arriving at a decision is one that <em>balances </em>advocacy with inquiry. </div>
<div style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; color: #333333; font-family: Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: left;">
Group members leave their personal agendas behind and enter the meeting with the intention of acting as unbiased participants.</div>
<div style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; color: #333333; font-family: Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: left;">
They may advocate for a position they feel strongly about, but they also inquire into other viewpoints and consider alternatives. </div>
<div style="-webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; color: #333333; font-family: Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: left;">
They understand that the goal is to find the best solution for the group as a whole, even if it means that some individuals in the group might be negatively impacted by the decision. Generally, in well-balanced sessions, people share information freely and consider multiple alternatives.</div>
</div>
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